Journalism Is The Intermediate Agent - 947 Words

Thomas Jefferson wrote in the Amendment I that â€Å"The basis of our governments being the opinion of the people, the very first object should be to keep that right; and were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.† People have a desire to know what is exactly happing in their community, their country, and also the other side of the world. In fact, journalism is the intermediate agent to disseminate the news and knowledge as widely as possible to audiences. People would propose their own opinion rather than believing in what government tells them, and the public opinion would affect government’s action. As a result, journalism absolutely it has a significant political impact on society either directly or indirectly The History of American journalism began in 1690, when Benjamin Harris published the first edition of Publick Occurrences, Both Foreign and Domestick in Boston . Due to the technologies advancement, the form of journalism became diversity such as telegraph, radio, photography, television, blog and electronic news page. Journalism’s duty is to follow an affair, collect and prepare information, and transmit it. A high quality piece of news should report the reality accurately, analyze the content without bias, and appeal readers` thought. Journalism, especially political journalism, plays an important role in shaping the public opinionShow MoreRelatedInformation Systems Have Changed the Way We Collaborate and Work in Significant Ways1987 Words   |  8 Pagesorganisation changes the way of companys management, in particular the management efficiency. Entity business enterprise management is divided into three parts: top leaders, intermediate leaders and grass-roots employee. Top leaders pass information to intermediate leaders, grass-roots staffs opinion is fed back to top leaders. For intermediate leaders the most important functions is to transmit information. At the same time, every one working in business enterprise is assigned to different grades, to someRead MoreStudy Guide5838 Words   |  24 Pagesof Women Voters PCSW Protective Legislation NOW Equal Rights Amendment Sexual Harassment   Title IX/Violence Against Women Act/Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act Executive Order 9066 Korematsu v. U.S. Rational Basis Test Intermediate Scrutiny Strict Scrutiny Suspect Classification AIM Mexican American Legal Defense Americans with Disabilities Act GLAAD De Jure Segregation De Facto Segregation Study Questions: Who started Affirmative Action programsRead MoreEssay on The Violation of Human Rights in Cuba2759 Words   |  12 Pagesfundamental for a democratic regime. Radio, television, and the print media are rather instruments of ideological imposition that follow the dictates of the group in power and are used to transmit the messages from that group to the grass roots and the intermediate levels. The main newspapers in Cuba reflect only the viewpoints of the government. Only to a very limited extent do they report on the debates that take place within the high-level officials of the state. As a result, self- criticism is also limitedRead MoreMarketing Planning Process9555 Words   |  39 Pagesdifferent channels of distribution are: †¢ Vendors. The group has employed over 250 vendors in the capital city, Harare. They collect the newspapers from the dispatch office on a dairy basis †¢ Agents. Newspapers are delivered to retails shops, service stations and book store nation wide, in totals there are 156 agents. They sell the newspapers on commission of 10% the cover price. They offer convenience for our readers as they are located close to them. †¢ Home deliveries. When customers subscribe to anyRead MoreCrowdfunding of Small Entrepreneurial Ventures10426 Words   |  42 PagesInternet, for the provision of financial resources either in form of donation or in exchange for some form of reward and/or voting rights in order to support initiatives for specific purposes†. In the meantime, several platforms have emerged that help intermediate between crowdfunders (those who invest in projects) and individuals with a project. One which has helped in making the concept famous is Sellaband.com. Launched in 2006, it acts as intermediary between new music bands and their fans, who can investRead MoreCrowdfunding of Small Entrepreneurial Ventures10415 Words   |  42 PagesInternet, for the provision of financial resources either in form of donation or in exchange for some form of reward and/or voting rights in order to support initiatives for specific purposes†. In the meantime, several platforms have emerged that he lp intermediate between crowdfunders (those who invest in projects) and individuals with a project. One which has helped in making the concept famous is Sellaband.com. Launched in 2006, it acts as intermediary between new music bands and their fans, who can investRead MoreTraining and Development Literature Review Essay14850 Words   |  60 Pagesservices industry†, The Learning Organization: An International Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 11-16. Chan, M.J., Pan, Z.D. and Lee, L.F.F. (2004), â€Å"Professional aspirations and job satisfaction: Chinese journalists at a time of change in the media†, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, Vol. 81 No. 2, pp. 254-73. Choo, S. (2005), â€Å"Determinants of monitoring capabilities in international franchising: foodservice firms within East Asia†, Asia-Pacific Journal of Management, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp.Read MoreAbc System26363 Words   |  106 Pageson a ï ¬ rm’s activities to manufacture products, provide services, or facilitate manufacturing. A good costing system identiï ¬ es costs with activities that consume resources and assign resource costs to cost objects such as products, services, or intermediate cost pools based on activities performed for the cost objects. Resources, Activities, Resource Consumption Cost Drivers, and Activity Consumption Cost Drivers An activity is a speciï ¬ c task or action of work done. A resource is an economic elementRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 PagesAnalytic skills Difficulty: Moderate 82) The U.S. economy today consists of a 70-30 services-to-goods mix. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 5 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate 83) Place marketers include economic development specialists, real estate agents, commercial banks, local business associations, and advertising and public relations agencies. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 6 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy 84) Properties are tangible rights of ownership to either real property (real estate) orRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words   |  158 Pagesfocused on ethics towards animals, Nickell and Herzog (1996) found that whether students followed deontology accounted for variation in their reasoning. Bugeja (2001) reports a rise in ignorance pleas and defenses invoking a lack of intent among journalism students who thus imply innocence when they are caught cheating. Altschuler (2001) cites a Rutgers University focus group that noted that many students seemed to be blase ´ about plagiarism not seeing it as a true transgression (p. 15).

The Issue Of Medical Research - 1548 Words

Polio. Smallpox. Yellow Fever. All three of these diseases have been eradicated in America. How? Thanks to medical research, an antidote was found for each of these diseases. There is no question that medical research is important to the medical world. However, could countries do without extensive focus on medical research? America spends the most on healthcare and medical research out of any other country yet their life expectancy is not even close to being the highest. On top of its inefficiency in America, drug trials and animal testing have been scrutinized for being inhumane. Nevertheless, medical research is necessary to the improvement to health care everywhere, but there are improvements that can be made to increase its†¦show more content†¦A good example of this would be the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Through this private organization, Bill and Melinda Gates provide funding for cancer research and other types of medical research (Mathiesen). The only problem with Kealey s alternative is that research costs are rising every year because of the public pressure to find cures for many of the world s most pressing diseases such as cancer; and with rising costs, many private organizations will not be willing to increase their funding for research projects. This is why government funding is still necessary but can be reduced drastically with private funding. The good thing is that many research project leaders are looking to private companies now than looking to the government for funding. Many influential executives have already been giving out funds for research, only last year David Packard, of Hewlett Packard, left $4 billion to his research foundation. His thousands of philanthropic predecessors include Howard Hughes (whose foundation spent $332 million on research in 1991); W. M. Keck ($95 million); John D. Rockefeller (whose foundation funded both the discovery of DNA as the genetic messenger and the development of penicillin); and And rew Carnegie(Kealey). These men, known mostly for their business achievements, have contributed heavily to the research world and the ones that are still alive even give scholarships to help students pursue their own

1994 Economic Crisis in Mexico Free Essays

Abstract This is a critical analysis essay discussing one of historical financial crisis, with a major focus on its effects, causes, and lessons learnt. Selected historical financial crisis is ‘1994 Economic Crisis in Mexico.’ Introduction handles the genesis and description of the crisis with the main body discusses causes, effects and lesson learnt. We will write a custom essay sample on 1994 Economic Crisis in Mexico or any similar topic only for you Order Now The conclusion summarizes the findings of the research. Introduction The â€Å"1994 Economic Crisis in Mexico† is referred to as â€Å"The December Mistake† (el error de Diciembre) in Spanish, a term that was derived by the then president Carlos Salinas de Gortari in indication of his successor Ernesto Zedillo’s abrupt turnaround of the earlier government’s policy of stiff money controls (Horowitz Ho, 2001). While many analysts concur that devaluation was essential for economic purposes, Salinas followers pointed out that the procedure was mismanaged at the political stage. The crisis broadly known as the Tequila crisis or the Mexican peso crisis was rooted by the abrupt devaluation of the Mexican peso in late 1994. According to Whitt (1996), in the early 1990s the Mexican financial organization appeared stable. It was increasing following the 1980s’â€Å"lost decade† (Whitt 1996). Furthermore, inflation was being abridged significantly, international investors were venturing capital into the nation, and billions of dollars had been accumulated by the central bank in reserves. Agreement to cap favorable trade condition with US (Mexico’s largest trade partner) was reached through NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement). However, in less than a year after NAFTA took effect, Mexico experienced economic calamity (Krooth, 1995). In December 1994, the Mexican administration devalued the peso. The economic crisis that ensued cut the peso’s worth by half, boosted inflation dilapidation rate, and initiated a harsh depression in Mexico. Causes of the crisis The basic causes of Economic Crisis in Mexico in 1994 are normally ascribed to Salinas de Gortari’s strategy decisions while in presidency, which eventually stressed the nation’s economies. As in the previous election sequences, a pre-election outlook to motivate the financial system, momentarily and untenably, ensuing a post-election financial instability. The causes of the crisis involved over-valuation of exchange rate and the then account deficit in the Mexican financial system (Purcell, 1998). With these predicaments, numerous additional issues assisted to trigger the crisis: a) elections were conventionally linked to devaluation, b) the increase in American interest rates, c) lack of investor assurance due to politically associated assassinations, d) slack monetary regulations in reaction to the decrease in foreign money flows, e) extension of quasi-fiscal costs via development financial institutions credits, and f) changing fiscal borrowing to temporary, dollar-o riented instruments (Purcell, 1998). Garber Lall (1996) notes that several diverse issues could be given as causes of the crisis, but in broad it is the consequence of an unmitigated era of over speculation, concerning both local and international investors. It is evident that during 1994, there were numerous indicators signifying a peso collapse was forthcoming. Most noteworthy was the decrease of foreign exchange reserves, falling from $26B in early 1994, down to a perilously low $2B just prior the American bailout. Subsequently, approximately 80% of the $85B ventured in the country from 1991 to mid-1994 was in the shape of portfolio venture, making just 20% in the type of straight investment. Lastly was the extremely obvious and apparent change from the administration bonds oriented in pesos (the cetes) to those oriented in dollars (tesobonos) for several months. The figure below displays the decline trend. Fig 1. 1994 Reserves, Cetes and Tesobonos in Mexico Effects of the crisis Even though mainstream economists are sensitive to the idea; there is no refuting that Mexico underwent dejection in 1995, as apparent in the fall of GDP of 6.9%. This was at least compared with a decline of 8.6% of GDP per capita (Fig. 2: below). From the eruption of the peso disaster in 1994 December up to February 1995 the worth of the Mexican money had dropped by over fifty percent and inflation had risen to 52% in 1995 from 7% in 1994 (Edwards Mishkin, 1995). The financial crisis brought about the fall of Mexico’s domestic market, compelling consumption to decrease considerably. As pointed out by Baddeley (2010), there was also a harsh shortage of credit as internal financial institutions struggled with bad loans and wanted to establish reserves following their near collapse in 1994. This meant a virtual loss of credit for SMEs. Although it had started in 1993, this auxiliary enforced the barzonista campaign which was an association of debtors, a lot of whom were farmers, necessitating renegotiation of their amount overdue (Edwards Mishkin, 1995). The official joblessness rate rose to a peak of almost 8% in the third quarter of 1995 after being approximately 3% in December 1994 and hanging approximately 6% through much of the dejection period. Although the bureaucrat rate more than two folded in the first half of 1995, it was rather unfair and not an efficient measure. Fig. 2: GDP and GDP per capita Lessons Learnt The first lesson learnt from the 1994 Economic Crisis in Mexico is how hazardous a pegged exchange rate government can be for the up-and-coming market nations. It is obvious that in up-and-coming market nations, a speculative approach on the exchange term that consequence in devaluation can have distressing results on the financial system by destabilizing information flows in economic markets (Diamond, 1984). The second lesson that can be derived from the experience of the Tequila Crisis involves supervision of banking systems. Strong prudential administration of the banking structure is vital to the fitness of up-and-coming market economies and the avoidance of economic crises. Evidently, good prudential monitoring is significant to developed countries (Diamond, 1984). However, since the outcomes of poor prudential monitoring are so catastrophic in up-and-coming market countries, good prudential monitoring is even more significant in these industrialized countries. The last lesson is that conventional measures employed in industrialized nations to extirpate themselves from economic crises may be retro progressive in rising market countries. In developed nations, the standard recommendation for emerging from an economic predicament is for the central bank to be a loaner of final resort and to seek expansionary financial policy. Conclusion The crisis is broadly known as the Tequila crisis or the Mexican peso crisis and was caused by the abrupt devaluation. The causes of the crisis involved over-valuation of exchange rate and the then account deficit in the Mexican financial system. There are three lessons that can be learnt from the crisis: a pegged exchange rate government is dangerous; Strong prudential administration of the banking structure is vital to the fitness for developing economies; and traditional measures used in industrialized countries may not fit emerging markets countries. REFERENCES: Baddeley, A. (2010). International financial crisis. Recent advances in learning and motivation (Vol. 8, pp. 47-90). New York: Academic Press Diamond, D. (1984). Financial intermediation and delegated monitoring. Review of Economic Studies 51,393-414. Edwards, F. Mishkin, F.S. (1995). The decline of traditional banking: Implications for financial stability and regulatory policy. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review 1(3), 27-45 Garber, P.M. Lall, S. (1996). The role and operation of derivative markets in foreign exchange crises. Brown University, Department of Economics, Providence, RI. Horowitz, S., Ho, U. (2001). The political economy of international financial crisis: interest groups, ideologies and institutions. Singapore, ISEAS. Krooth, R. (1995). Mexico, NAFTA and the Hardships of Progress, McFarland, North Carolina. Purcell, S. K. (1998). Mexico under Zedillo. Boulder [u.a.], Lynne Rienner. Whitt, Jr. A. J. (1996). The Mexican Peso Crisis. Economic Review. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Oxford University Press. Appendix How to cite 1994 Economic Crisis in Mexico, Essay examples